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Certificate of Origin

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Get DGFT approved Certificate of Origin to export goods from India.

Basic

  • 1 Certificate of Origin
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Certificate of Origin

A Certificate of Origin (CO) is a crucial document in international trade, affirming that the goods in an export shipment have been wholly obtained, produced, manufactured, or processed in a specific country. This certification indicates the product's 'nationality' and simultaneously serves as a formal declaration by the exporter, ensuring compliance with customs or trade requirements. The Certificate of Origin plays a vital role in verifying the origin of goods and facilitates adherence to international trade regulations.

Categories of Certificate of Origin

Preferential Certificate of Origin

A preferential certificate of origin is a document that attests that the goods in a particular shipment adhere to the definitions outlined in a specific bilateral or multilateral free trade agreement. Typically mandated by importing countries, this certificate is instrumental in determining whether the imported goods qualify for preferential treatment under the relevant trade agreement. Certificates of origin, particularly the preferential ones, are highly practical as they enable claims for benefits that go beyond Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment. The primary focus of discussions surrounding certificates of origin often revolves around the preferential category. Detailed exploration of the forms and formats in the subsequent sections serves to elucidate the diverse nature of this specific type of certificate of origin.

Non-Preferential Certificate of Origin

Non-preferential origin certificates are employed within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) for Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment, as outlined in Article 1.2 of the Agreement on Rules of Origin. This particular type of certificate serves to certify the country of origin for the product but does not grant it entitlement to preferential tariffs under trade regimes that offer preferential treatment. In times of trade wars, a certificate of origin becomes crucial as it may be required to demonstrate that the product in question does not originate from a sanctioned country. Products originating in countries subject to trade remedies are bound by non-preferential rules of origin, making the submission of this form a potential requirement during such circumstances. This certification plays a vital role in ensuring transparency and compliance with international trade regulations, particularly in periods of heightened trade tensions.

Importance of Certificate of Origin

A Certificate of Origin is a mandatory document in international trade transactions as it certifies the origin of the product, forming the basis for determining tariffs and other trade measures. Unlike exporters or manufacturers who may be familiar with the product's origin criteria, importers often have limited knowledge in this regard. Therefore, importers are obligated to provide proof of the product's origin. The failure of an importer to submit a Certificate of Origin can have significant consequences, potentially leading to the denial of preferential treatment for the product. This emphasizes the critical role the certificate plays in ensuring transparency, authenticity, and compliance with trade regulations. Importers must be diligent in obtaining and presenting the necessary documentation to facilitate the smooth and lawful movement of goods across borders.

Customs

  • Ensures the traceability and security of goods entering a country.
  • Determines applicable taxes and duties based on the goods.
  • Relies on Chamber expertise in certification rules and procedures.

Chambers

  • Issued by the Chambers of Commerce.
  • Understanding of globally accepted certification rules and procedures
  • Recognized as trustworthy third parties and legitimate authorities

Exporters

  • Customs clearance is simpler and faster.
  • Gains in productivity for businesses.

Documents Required to be submitted along with
application of Certificate of Origin

  • A covering letter (on original letterhead) addressed to the Director General of the Indian Chamber of Commerce, requesting the issuance of a Certificate of Origin/certification of copies of invoices/packing list, etc.
  • When submitting by Authorized Signatory, an attested copy of the authorization letter must be included.
  • A completed Certificate of Origin Form. Blank Certificate of Origin Forms must be purchased at a cost from ICC.
  • All documents, including the invoice, packing list, letter of credit, purchase order, or e-mail order (whichever is applicable), must be stamped and signed by the Exporter Applicant.
  • In the case of goods imported prior to exportation to another country, relevant clearance certificates from the Customs Department must be submitted to demonstrate that the goods entered the country legally after payment of all applicable taxes and duties.
  • With each Certificate of Origin application, the exporter must submit an additional set of documents for ICC records.

Tariff preferences granted to India under various schemes

Generalized System of Preference (GSP):

  • Objective: Designed to assist developing countries by providing preferential treatment in trade tariffs imposed by industrialized and developed nations.
  • Nature: A unilateral non-contractual instrument based on a non-reciprocity extension of tariff concessions.

Global System of Trade Preference (GSTP):

  • Purpose: Extends tariff concessions among developing countries that have signed an agreement.
  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council (EIC) is the exclusive authority under GSTP to issue Certificates of Origin.

SAARC Preferential Trading Agreement (SAPTA):

  • Scope: Tariff concessions are limited to SAARC member countries.

Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA):

  • Participating Countries: India, China, South Korea, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh.
  • Objective: Facilitates the exchange of tariff concessions.
  • Scope: Aims to reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade in the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) region.

India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement (ISLFTA):

  • Nature: Free trade agreement between India and Sri Lanka.
  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council (EIC) holds sole authority to issue Certificates of Origin under this agreement.

Indo-Thailand Free Trade Agreement:

  • Purpose: Implements the Early Harvest Scheme, providing tariff preference to specified products.
  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council is the exclusive agency authorized to issue Certificates of Origin under this protocol.

India-Malaysia Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (IMCECA):

  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council (EIC) is the sole authority to issue Certificates of Origin under this agreement between India and Malaysia.

India-Korea Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA):

  • Nature: Signed by India and South Korea to expand business and commercial opportunities.
  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council (EIC) has sole authority to issue Certificates of Origin under this agreement.

India-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IJCEPA):

  • Objective: To improve and protect bilateral investments between India and Japan.
  • Authority for Certificates of Origin: The Export Inspection Council (EIC) is the exclusive authority to issue Certificates of Origin under this agreement.

ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement:

  • Agreement Coverage: Gradually reduces and eliminates duties on goods, covering 76.4 percent of trade.
  • Participating Entities: Member States of ASEAN and India.
Frequently Asked Questions

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